Abstract
Migraine is a common disease that is considered to be a benign disorder. However, recently evidence was produced that migraineurs, especially those with aura, have an increased risk of stroke and cardiac disease. These patients have more cardiovascular risk factors, but migraine seems to bear a risk in itself. The pathophysiology is still unknown. Patients might have endothelial dysfunction, which is associated with an increased risk of stroke and cardiac events. Other potential mechanisms include coagulation abnormalities and platelet hyperaggregability. A patent foramen ovale (PFO) that might lead to cardiac embolism is more often observed in migraineurs than in people without migraine. It is not yet known whether the disorders are genetically linked or whether a PFO is a risk factor for migraine with aura. This review examines the occurrence of stroke and cardiac events in migraineurs and discusses potential mechanisms.
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