Abstract
<h3>Common</h3> Aneurysm of aorta or major arteries; right aortic arch Azygos vein enlargement Bronchogenic cyst Esophageal lesion (eg, leiomyoma, carcinoma, achalasia, varices) Hiatal hernia Lymph node enlargement Thyroid tumor <h3>Uncommon</h3> Chemodectoma Enteric cyst Hematoma Sclerosing inflammatory mass; mediastinal abscess or fibrosis Mesenchymal tumor Pancreatic pseudocyst Parathyroid tumor Tracheal tumor or cyst Vagus or phrenic neurinoma <h3>Diagnosis</h3> Bronchogenic cyst. <h3>Comment</h3> In analyzing the gamut of this case, the retrocardiac position of the mediastinal mass is especially helpful, since this location effectively excludes such possibilities as large azygos vein, thyroid tumor, tracheal tumor or cyst, and parathyroid tumor. Lymph node enlargement is the most common cause of a middle mediastinal mass, but enlarged mediastinal nodes will usually be found around the carina tracheae or in the paratracheal area and are frequently accompanied by a more generalized adenopathy, including the parahilar nodes. Hiatal hernia occurs in the retrocardiac area
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