Abstract

Middle Low German Loanwords in Russian

Highlights

  • The contacts between the Slavonic and Germanic peoples over the course of more than 2 millenia have led to a high level of mutual enrichment of the lexical systems of their languages The two groups share items of vocabulary which are absent in any other language Gothic loanwords penetrated Slavonic from early contacts on the Black Sea coast

  • The northern group of the continental West Germanic languages which have not undergone the second Germanic sound-shift may be brought under the general heading of Low German (LG) More via free access the term is applied to those dialects which have arisen in the area of Saxony

  • The MLG period lasts until the 16th С when as an official literary language it is gradually superseded by NHG and what LG is written is heavily contaminated by HG words and forms7 After being driven out of official, legal, political or epistolary use, LG survived only as a vernacular or о in literature for satirical purposes

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Summary

The Overall Function of MLG Loanwords

COMPARATIVE TABLE OF DATING FOR THE EARLIEST ATTESTATION OF CERTAIN WORDS TREATED IN THIS BOOK. KEY TO THE ABBREVIATIONS OF LANGUAGES BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. SPELLING NOTE For Russian sources I have followed the spelling of the printed editions and transliterated them according to the international system. I have made no distinction between ^ andII have preserved i ; в has been rendered as *f ; % has been rendered as " internally and omitted . All superscripts and subscripts have been incorporated in the general text. The spelling of all dictionaries and secondary sources pre-dating the orthographic reform has been revised to suit the present norms

INTRODUCTION
A Note on Middle Low German
Previous Treatment of the Subject
The Aim and Methodology of This Work
The Beginnings of Russo-Hanseatic Trade
Russo-German Trade Within the framework of the Hanseatic System
The End of Hanseatic flrade in Russia
Means of Transport
. Methods of Trade
Persons Involved in the Tirade
Currency and Weights
Communication Between Russian and German
10. The Livonian Order
11. Cultural Contacts
12. General Conclusions
Findings
Secondary Sources
Full Text
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