Abstract
Art can unexpectedly provide information about medicine and diseases in the past, including cancer. A small number of breast cancer cases have been identified in Renaissance paintings.1,2 Here, we report one of the largest pictorial collections of breast tumours recorded by the Chinese painter Lam Qua (aka Kwan Kiu Cheong, 1801–60)3 and dated to the mid-19th century. Lam Qua lived in the Canton province of China (currently Guangzhou) during the last imperial dynasty (Great Qing, 1636–1912). In the 1820s, he studied under the patronage of George Chinnery (1774–1852), the first English painter known to settle in China.
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