Abstract
BackgroundOsteomyelitis is a challenge for orthopedic surgeons due to its protracted treatment process. Microwaves (MWs) can increase blood perfusion due to their thermal effect. Furthermore, MWs demonstrated significant bactericidal effects in vitro. In the present study, we assumed that the application of a 2450-MHz-frequency MW together with systemic antibiotic treatment would provide synergy for the treatment of acute osteomyelitis.MethodsThe medullary cavity of the right tibia was inoculated with 107 CFU of methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA-ATCC 29213) in 40 rats, and the rats were randomly divided into four groups according to treatment: group I, saline (control); group II, saline + MW therapy; group III, systemic cefuroxime; and group IV, systemic cefuroxime + MW therapy. MWs were applied for 20 min per day to the infected limbs, and all rats were sacrificed on the 7th day. The severity of tibial osteomyelitis was assessed by quantitative culture analysis.ResultsBacterial counts in groups III and IV were significantly reduced compared with those in the control (p = 0.001 and < 0.001, respectively). Furthermore, significant differences were detected between groups III and IV (p = 0.033). However, the difference between groups I and II was nonsignificant (p = 0.287).ConclusionOur experimental model suggests that MW therapy provides a significant synergy for systemic antibiotic treatment. However, further clinical trials are required to safely use this treatment modality in patients.
Highlights
Osteomyelitis is an inflammatory disorder of the bone caused by infection [1]
Hyperthermia induced by MW diathermy can increase the temperature of deep tissues, which contributes to a regional increase in blood flow
Given that the purpose was to investigate the effect of systemic antibiotic treatment together with MWs, we chose cefuroxime, which can reach a certain concentration in bone tissue [14]
Summary
Osteomyelitis is an inflammatory disorder of the bone caused by infection [1]. It is still challenging for orthopaedic surgeons because of its protracted treatment process. The local blood supply to the bone is impaired in patients with osteomyelitis [8,9,10]; strategies to improve blood supply and tissue perfusion will be beneficial to improve microbial clearance in infected areas and minimize recurrence in predisposed regions. Microwaves (MWs) are non-ionizing electromagnetic waves with frequencies ranging from 300 to 300 GHz. The tissue can absorb the MW energy as vibrational energy. Microwaves (MWs) can increase blood perfusion due to their thermal effect. The severity of tibial osteomyelitis was assessed by quantitative culture analysis
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