Abstract
We describe herein an efficient microwave-assisted aqueous biphasic dehydration of carbohydrates to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF).
Highlights
Over the last decade the dehydration of carbohydrates to 5hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) has attracted increasing attention for the sustainable production of chemicals (Scheme 1).[1]
The role of alkali metal salts in the fructose dehydration to HMF is well-established in organic solvents, in which bromide anions (NaBr or KBr) in place of chlorides (NaCl or KCl) enhance the reaction resulting in higher HMF yields.[5,24]
Chlorides performed better in the fructose dehydration to HMF using(aq)–MIBK18 or HCl(aq)– nBuOH biphasic system,[25] whereas better HMF yields were reported with bromides in (CrCl3$6H2O + salt)(aq)–(acetone + toluene) system.[17]
Summary
Over the last decade the dehydration of carbohydrates to 5hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) has attracted increasing attention for the sustainable production of chemicals (Scheme 1).[1].
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