Microwave With Assisted Ceramic Materials to Maximize Heat Penetration and Improve Recovery Efficiency of Heavy Oil Reservoirs

Abstract

Abstract The objective of this work is to improve microwave heat penetration depth and propagation into the reservoir for maximum recovery. Research has discovered ceramic materials, known as an enabler, with unique properties that when exposed to microwave energy, for short time, heat up reaching 1000°C (temperature can be controlled). In this technique, oil is not directly heated by microwave radiation; rather the ceramic materials absorb electromagnetic energy and covert it to thermal energy; thereby heating up the crude oil, and improving heat penetration depth and propagation into the reservoir. This paper presents several successful experimental works and proposes solutions to overcome the challenges in producing heavy oil reserves, either associated with using microwave only or steam. Several experimental studies have been conducted in the lab to compare heat penetration depth and distribution in sandstones and limestone samples; the tests were divided into two sets, the first used microwave only, and the other combined microwave with the ceramic material. The result, from all studies, showed there is a significant improvement in heat penetration depth in the rock when combining the microwave with ceramics; therefore proving that this technology can be used for in situ heat generation. On the other hand, using microwave only has limitations that can be overcome with this approach and has the potential to unlock huge heavy oil reserves, especially in deep and offshore reservoirs. Based on the laboratory results, a numerical model is developed to characterize the optimal heating dynamics as a function of volume and spatial distribution. Next, a method for lab scale simulation of production efficiency using a heavy oil apparatus (HOA) is discussed. The outcome of these studies will be used as an example to develop a field deployment plan.