Abstract
Travelling Wave Tube (TWT) is an electronic vacuum microwave device, which is used as a high power microwave amplifier, mainly in telecommunication purposes and radar systems. TWT's seem to be an alternative and a more reliable solution than semiconductor devices when building high power and high frequency applications. Thermal behaviour of TWT is one of the key aspects influencing its reliability and working parameters. In fact, the standard TWT is treated as a high power device and the supplied power is dissipated mainly through conduction and convection phenomena. In practical applications, depending on a type of TWT, they can be cooled either by a forced liquid or air circulation. The main goal of the presented research was to perform analytical, experimental and numerical analysis of temperature distribution of a low band TWT in case of a typical working condition. Because theoretical analysis seems to be very complex, thus it was decided to support it with experimental measurements and numerical simulations as well as with the simplified analytical formulas. As a first step of the presented research, the analytical analysis and numerical modelling of the helix TWT was carried out. The objective of the thermal analysis was to assess the temperature distribution in different parts of the helix TWT assembly during extreme standard and working conditions. Afterwards, the obtained numerical results were validated by experimental measurements, which were carried out using a custom designed TWT test sample and corresponding experimental measurement tools.
Highlights
Travelling Wave Tube (TWT) is an electronic vacuum microwave device, which is used as a high power microwave amplifier, mainly for telecommunication purposes, as a driver or output tube in advanced radar systems and electronic test equipment
This work describes a thermal analysis of a traveling wave tube device, by a combined analytical, numerical and experimental analysis
The analytical model was focused on an evaluation of the beam current power dissipation and microwave losses along the delay line, which is not uniform and most of the power is accumulated at its terminal part
Summary
Travelling Wave Tube (TWT) is an electronic vacuum microwave device, which is used as a high power microwave amplifier, mainly for telecommunication purposes, as a driver or output tube in advanced radar systems and electronic test equipment. TWTs seem to be an alternative for semiconductor devices and more reliable solution, mainly for high power and high frequency applications. The standard TWT is treated as a high power device and the supplied power is dissipated mainly through conduction and convection phenomena while the heat dissipation through the radiation can be neglected. In practical applications, depending on a type of TWT, they can be cooled either by a forced liquid or air circulation. In some special TWT types, they would require mixed air-liquid cooling or specially designed heat conduction to the device base [3]
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