Abstract
Metal and metal alloy nanopowders were prepared by using the microwave plasma synthesis method. The microwave plasma was operated in atmospheric pressure at a frequency of 2.45 GHz. The precursor decomposed thermally in the plasma reaction region and the products were then condensed in the heat exchanger, were separated from the gas by the powder filter, and then finally collected in the powder collector. The effect of various processing parameters such as plasma gas, carrier gas, cooling gas, precursor raw materials and feeding rate were studied in this work. Cu, Mo, W, Mo-Ni and Fe-Co nanopowders were successfully prepared by using the microwave plasma synthesis method. The processing conditions can be tuned to manipulate the particle size of the nanopowders.
Highlights
Metal nanopowders have attracted great attention due to their distinctive properties and uses in optical, electronic, magnetic, and catalytic applications
The physical characteristics of the precursor raw material can become a dominant factor for the successful production of nanopowders by using the microwave plasma synthesis method
The relatively larger particle size observed was due to the higher feeding rate used in the synthesis, i.e., 2.09 mL/min
Summary
Metal nanopowders have attracted great attention due to their distinctive properties and uses in optical, electronic, magnetic, and catalytic applications. The induction plasma method can be employed for metallic nanopowders production, but the process suffers from high-energy consumption and low production efficiency. The microwave unit used in this study is designed for the production of ultrafine (usually below nm) powders by means of condensation from high-temperature chemically reacting gas flow. Products can be obtained from the chemical reactions that occur in the flow of oxygen or nitrogen due to the energy of microwave irradiation. The high energy microwaves generate plasma by dissociation, ionization, and recombination of gases which transfer the heat necessary for chemical reactions to occur. In a typical microwave plasma reaction process, the chemical precursor is subjected to rapid heating followed by evaporation, thermal dissociation, and recondensation, which take place in thousandths of a second to produce ultrafine particle sizes. (15) inlet of plasma forming gas; (16) inlet of gas carrier and (17) outlet of gas
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