Microwave Photonic MIMO Radar for High-Resolution Imaging

Abstract

A microwave photonic multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) radar is proposed and demonstrated to implement high-resolution imaging. In the proposed system, multiple orthogonal linearly frequency modulated (LFM) signals are generated by heterodyning between two optical frequency combs, which enables a MIMO transmitting array with a simple and reconfigurable structure. The receiving array uses photonic frequency mixing to implement multiple channel separation and de-chirp processing simultaneously. This microwave photonic MIMO radar can have a large operation bandwidth and a large equivalent aperture, which helps to achieve high-resolution imaging in both range and azimuth directions. In the experiment, a microwave photonic <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\text{4}\times \text{8}$</tex-math></inline-formula> MIMO radar is established with a 2-GHz bandwidth in each channel. Based on this MIMO radar, high-resolution back-projection (BP) imaging with a theoretical range resolution of 7.5 cm and azimuth resolution of 1.85° is demonstrated. The experimental results can verify the feasibility of the proposed MIMO radar, which is a good solution to high-resolution radar imaging by combining microwave photonic and MIMO technologies.