Abstract
The pivotal aim of this investigation was to synthesize anisotropic gold nanoplates using Staphylococcus hominis strain MANF2 as reducing agent and optimize statistically its production for therapeutic applications. Initially, gold nanoparticles were synthesized using strain MANF2 via microwave irradiation method which reduced Au3+ ions to Au+ ions, as evident by change in the colour of solution to purple, followed by observation of characteristic surface plasmon resonance peak (λmax) at 530 nm in UV–vis spectrum. Box-Behnken Design-based optimization (N = 17) estimated maximum production of nanoparticles (λmax – 3.18) under the conditions of 1 mM of auric chloride, 1 mL of reducing agent, and irradiation period of 45 s. Data obtained were modelled and trained using multilayer perceptron and Marquardt-Levenberg algorithm of artificial neural networking, respectively which showed the constructed neural network topology “3-8-1” neurons in input, hidden, and output layers, depicting the best fitness function. The optimized nanoparticles were characterized using varied analytical tools viz. UV–vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, Zeta potential analyzer, Dynamic light scattering (DLS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed pentagonal and square-shaped gold nanoplates of 100 nm in size with sharp edges. Anti-tubercular activities of gold nanoplates were assessed using luciferase reporter phase (LRP) assay which exhibited relative light unit reduction of 38.2 ± 0.3–92.6 ± 0.4 % at varied concentrations. Anticancer activity of gold nanoplates was demonstrated against HT-29 (colon cancer) cell line using MTT assay. Results showed promising anticancer traits of gold nanoplates with IC50 value of 41.3 μg/mL against HT-29 cells. In conclusion, S. hominis-based synthesized anisotropic/polygonal gold nanoplates can certainly be implied as auspicious anti-tubercular and anticancer agents for designing ideal therapeutic drugs in future.
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