Microwave Heartprint: A novel non-contact human identification technology based on cardiac micro-motion detection using ultra wideband bio-radar

Abstract

The existing one-time identity authentication technology cannot continuously guarantee the legitimacy of user identity during the whole human-computer interaction session, and often requires active cooperation of users, which seriously limits the availability. This study proposes a new non-contact identity recognition technology based on cardiac micro-motion detection using ultra wideband (UWB) bio-radar. After the multi-point micro-motion echoes in the range dimension of the human heart surface area were continuously detected by ultra wideband bio-radar, the two-dimensional principal component analysis (2D-PCA) was exploited to extract the compressed features of the two-dimensional image matrix, namely the distance channel-heart beat sampling point (DC-HBP) matrix, in each accurate segmented heart beat cycle for identity recognition. In the practical measurement experiment, based on the proposed multi-range-bin & 2D-PCA feature scheme along with two conventional reference feature schemes, three typical classifiers were selected as representatives to conduct the heart beat identification under two states of normal breathing and breath holding. The results showed that the multi-range-bin & 2D-PCA feature scheme proposed in this paper showed the best recognition effect. Compared with the optimal range-bin & overall heart beat feature scheme, our proposed scheme held an overall average recognition accuracy of 6.16% higher (normal respiration: 6.84%; breath holding: 5.48%). Compared with the multi-distance unit & whole heart beat feature scheme, the overall average accuracy increase was 27.42% (normal respiration: 28.63%; breath holding: 26.21%) for our proposed scheme. This study is expected to provide a new method of undisturbed, all-weather, non-contact and continuous identification for authentication.