Microwave Catalysis in Energy and Environmental Applications

Abstract

The use of microwave (MW) irradiation to increase the rate of chemical reactions has attracted much attention recently. However, the intrinsic nature of the effects of MW irradiation on chemical reactions remains unclear. Herein, the highly efficient conversion of NO and decomposition of H2S via MW catalysis were addressed. The reaction temperature was decreased by several hundred degrees centigrade. Moreover, the apparent activation energy (Ea′) decreased substantially under MW irradiation. Importantly, a model explaining the interactions between microwave electromagnetic waves and molecules is proposed to elucidate the intrinsic reason for the reduction in the Ea′ under MW irradiation, and a formula for the quantitative estimation of the decrease in the Ea′ was determined. MW irradiation energy was partially transformed to reduce the Ea′, highlighting that MW irradiation is a new type of power energy for speeding up chemical reactions. The effect of MW irradiation on chemical reactions was determined. Our findings challenge both the classical view of MW irradiation as only a heating method and the controversial MW non-thermal effect and open a promising avenue for the development of novel MW catalytic reaction technology. We have developed microwave catalysis for application in energy and environmental catalytic reactions. We have also developed microwave catalytic oxidation reaction technology for the degradation of organics in wastewater.