Abstract
We propose the design of wideband birefringent metamaterials based on spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SSPPs). Spatial k-dispersion design of SSPP modes in metamaterials is adopted to achieve high-efficiency transmission of electromagnetic waves through the metamaterial layer. By anisotropic design, the transmission phase accumulation in metamaterials can be independently modulated for x- and y-polarized components of incident waves. Since the dispersion curve of SSPPs is nonlinear, frequency-dependent phase differences can be obtained between the two orthogonal components of transmitted waves. As an example, we demonstrate a microwave birefringent metamaterials composed of fishbone structures. The full-polarization-state conversions on the zero-longitude line of Poincaré sphere can be fulfilled twice in 6–20 GHz for both linearly polarized (LP) and circularly polarized (CP) waves incidence. Besides, at a given frequency, the full-polarization-state conversion can be achieved by changing the polarization angle of the incident LP waves. Both the simulation and experiment results verify the high-efficiency polarization conversion functions of the birefringent metamaterial, including circular-to-circular, circular-to-linear(linear-to-circular), linear-to-linear polarization conversions.
Highlights
We propose the design of wideband birefringent metamaterials based on spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SSPPs)
Spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SSPPs)[27,28] mediated by the metallic blade structure is studied by the dispersion relationship
A microwave birefringent metamaterial is achieved via designing the refractive index coefficients independently in two orthogonal directions, where the equivalent refractive index coefficient in one direction is strong dispersive, and weak dispersive in the other direction
Summary
The phase differences π/2, π, 3π/2, 2π, 5π/2 and 3πare respectively corresponding to 8.0, 12.3, 14.9, 17.4, 18.2 and 18.8 GHz. To verify the designed microwave birefringent metamaterial given, the amplitudes and phases of the transmission coefficients under y-and x-polarized wave normal incidence are simulated and the results are given. Twice full-polarization-state conversions can be fulfilled because the change of the phase difference is greater than 4πover the frequency range 6–20 GHz. Under v-(u-)-polarized wave normal incidence, the transmission coefficients in x- and y- directions approximately have the same amplitude. The corresponding operating frequencies are in good accordance with the theoretical design
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