Abstract
We present a toolbox of microstrip building blocks for microwave atom chips geared towards trapped atom interferometry. Transverse trapping potentials based on the AC Zeeman (ACZ) effect can be formed from the combined microwave magnetic near fields of a pair or a triplet of parallel microstrip transmission lines. Axial confinement can be provided by a microwave lattice (standing wave) along the microstrip traces. Microwave fields provide additional parameters for dynamically adjusting ACZ potentials: detuning of the applied frequency to select atomic transitions and local polarization controlled by the relative phase in multiple microwave currents. Multiple ACZ traps and potentials, operating at different frequencies, can be targeted to different spin states simultaneously, thus enabling spin-specific manipulation of atoms and spin-dependent trapped atom interferometry.
Highlights
Trapped atom interferometers provide a spatially localized sample and potentially long coherent phase interrogation times in packages as compact as an atom chip
This paper presents the basic building blocks for designing a microwave atom chip based on microstrip transmission lines that can trap atoms via spin-specific AC Zeeman (ACZ) potentials
We note that ACZ potentials are distinct from adiabatic radio frequency (RF) potentials, which use a spatial gradient in BDC to apply a force and a RF field to transfer atoms between spin states via adiabatic passages [12,13]
Summary
Trapped atom interferometers provide a spatially localized sample and potentially long coherent phase interrogation times in packages as compact as an atom chip. These benefits make them strong candidates for precision inertial navigation (i.e., acceleration and rotation sensing), gravimetry, and microscopy, e.g., sub-mm gravity and Casimir–Polder measurements. The AC Zeeman (ACZ) effect, based on microwave hyperfine transitions, offers a clear mechanism for spin-specific control of atoms [7]. This paper presents the basic building blocks for designing a microwave atom chip based on microstrip transmission lines that can trap atoms via spin-specific ACZ potentials.
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