Abstract
p-Ethoxynitrobenzene was synthesized by the reaction of p-chloronitrobenzene with potassium ethoxide in a homogeneous system using benzyltriethylammonium chloride (BTEAC, QCl) as a phase-transfer catalyst at 50 °C under microwave irradiation conditions. The use of phase-transfer catalysts and microwave has been compared and demonstrated in this nucleophilic substitution reactions. The kinetics of the reaction depends on the effect of phase-transfer catalysts, amount of catalyst, amount of potassium hydroxide, volume of ethanol and temperature on the conversion of the reaction were investigated.
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