Abstract
The Brönsted acidic ionic-liquid [HO3S(CH2)4mim] HSO4, a novel dual catalyst–solvent, has been successfully applied in simultaneous microwave-assisted extraction and hydrolysis for the determination of flavonol glycosides in Ginkgo foliage. The parameters, namely the [HO3S(CH2)4mim]HSO4 concentration, microwave-irradiation power, microwave-irradiation time, and solid–liquid ratio, were optimized. The optimum conditions were: an amount of 1.5 M [HO3S(CH2)4mim]HSO4, a microwave-irradiation power of 120 W, an irradiation time of 15 min, and a solid–liquid ratio of 1:30 g/mL. Compared with traditional methods the proposed approach demonstrates higher efficiency in a shorter operating time, and is an efficient, rapid, and simple sample preparation method.
Highlights
Ginkgo foliage has been one of the most popular traditional Chinese medicines for several thousand years [1]
The optimum [HO3S(CH2)4mim]HSO4 concentration in aqueous solution for ionic-liquid-based microwave-assisted simultaneous extraction and hydrolysis (ILMASEH) was determined by carrying out extractions and hydrolyses with [HO3S(CH2)4mim]HSO4 solutions of different concentrations
We speculate that the degradation or isomerization of aglycones often increases at high ionic liquid concentrations, which could lead to a decrease in the calculated yield of glycosides
Summary
Ginkgo foliage has been one of the most popular traditional Chinese medicines for several thousand years [1]. The hydrolysis of the various Egb glycosides to their three primary aglycones is commonly achieved by refluxing the sample with aqueous/ethanolic hydrochloric acid for approximately 2 h These conventional extraction techniques are inconvenient, inefficient, time-consuming, energy-consuming, result in degradation of target components, involve large volumes of toxic organic solvents and lead to unsatisfactory recoveries. There have been many studies showing that microwave-assisted extraction is more effective than conventional methods for the extraction of flavonol glycosides from medicinal plants [8,9]. [HO3S(CH2)4mim]HSO4 is a Brönsted acidic ionic liquid that can be used to extract flavonol glycosides and to catalyze their hydrolysis. The potential of the Brönsted acidic ionic liquid [HO3S(CH2)4mim]HSO4 as a dual catalyst-solvent in the microwave-assisted simultaneous extraction and hydrolysis of flavonol glycosides from G. biloba was investigated. ILMASEH approach showed great potential for easy quality assessment of G. biloba as well as of other flavonoid-rich plants
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