Abstract
The prebiotic properties of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) and arabino-xylooligosaccharides (AXOS) produced from rice husk (RH) using microwave treatment combined with enzymatic hydrolysis were evaluated. The RH was subjected to microwave pretreatment at 140, 160 and 180 °C for 5, 10 and 15 min to obtain crude arabinoxylan (AX). Increasing microwave pretreatment time increased sugar content. Crude AX was extracted with 2% (w/v) sodium hydroxide at 25 °C for 24 h and used as a substrate for XOS production by commercial xylanases. Results showed that oligosaccharides produced by Pentopan Mono BG and Ultraflo Max provided xylobiose and xylotriose as the main products. AXOS was also present in the oligosaccharides that promoted growth of Lactobacillus spp. and resisted degradation by over 70% after exposure to simulated human digestion.
Highlights
The prebiotic properties of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) and arabino-xylooligosaccharides (AXOS) produced from rice husk (RH) using microwave treatment combined with enzymatic hydrolysis were evaluated
This study investigated the effects of temperature and microwave pretreatment time on RH-derived AX extraction to produce XOS and AXOS by GH10 and GH11 xylanases
RH has lignocellulosic fibers, which are formed by cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin
Summary
The prebiotic properties of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) and arabino-xylooligosaccharides (AXOS) produced from rice husk (RH) using microwave treatment combined with enzymatic hydrolysis were evaluated. Conversion of AX by enzymatic hydrolysis into xylooligosaccharides (XOS) and arabino-xylooligosaccharides (AXOS) has gained considerable interest because of the mild conditions used and the specific products obtained. Neutral detergent fiber, hemicellulose, and crude cellulose of lignocelluloses were lost in biomass treated with fungal fermentation[14] These methods are time-consuming and produce various chemical wastes. The electromagnetic power is converted into heat, causing lignocellulosic material breakdown via molecular collision due to dielectric p olarization[16,17] Other heating processes such as hydrothermal treatment using high temperatures for a longer time, result in the loss of important substances including large amounts of monosaccharides. Coelho et al.[20] reported that microwave superheated water at 210 °C with dilute alkali recovered 43% of AX and AXOS from spent grain after the brewing process, while Kundu et al.[21] stated that cleavage of alkalilabile linkages between hemicellulose and other associated constituents depended on its natural performance
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