Abstract
The utilization of nickel slag has attracted much attention due to its high-content of valuable elements. As a part of these efforts, this work focuses on whether magnetite crystals, obtained from nickel slag via molten oxidation, magnetic separation, and ball-milling can be used as a microwave absorber. The composition, morphology, microstructure, magnetic properties, and microwave absorption performance were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and vector network analysis (VNA). The results reveal that the magnetite crystals exhibit excellent microwave absorption properties because of the synergistic action between dielectric loss and magnetic loss. The minimum reflection loss (RL) of the particles obtained after 6 h ball-milling reaches −34.0 dB at 16.72 GHz with thickness of 5 mm. The effective frequency bandwidth (RL ≤ −10 dB) is 4.8–5.4 GHz and 15.9–17.6 GHz. Interfacial polarization of the particles could play a crucial role in improving absorbing properties because several components contained in the particles can dissipate electromagnetic wave effectively. The current study could show great potential in the preparation of magnetite crystals and utilization of nickel slag.
Highlights
As the demand for information technology and electronic equipment continues to rise, the utilization of high-performance broad-band microwave absorbing materials (MAM) becomes more critical in decreasing or even eliminating electromagnetic (EM) pollution, which impacts human health and disrupts electronic equipment functioning [1,2,3,4]
The results indicate that the synergistic action between magnetite and dielectric substance enhances microwave absorption performance, reducing the absorbing thickness of the materials
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis shows the presence of Mg, Fe, O, Ca, and Si in the M2 sample, which indicates that only partially separated fromfrom magnetite during the ball-milling process.process
Summary
As the demand for information technology and electronic equipment continues to rise, the utilization of high-performance broad-band microwave absorbing materials (MAM) becomes more critical in decreasing or even eliminating electromagnetic (EM) pollution, which impacts human health and disrupts electronic equipment functioning [1,2,3,4]. The results indicate that the synergistic action between magnetite and dielectric substance enhances microwave absorption performance, reducing the absorbing thickness of the materials. This approach has certain disadvantages, such as rigorous reaction conditions and the need to retrieve organic wastewaters generated after their synthesis, which restricts its broader application in the industry [12]. Fabricated self-compacting concrete using nickel slag, exhibiting excellent performance and durability [16] These techniques are somewhat costly and difficult to use in industrial applications on a large scale [17]. The microwave absorption properties of magnetic particles milled at different conditions were tested in the range of 2.0–18.0 GHz, and the mechanism of EM wave loss was elaborated upon
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