Abstract
Bone metastasis is often occurs in patients with prostate cancer. There is a vicious cycle for bone metastases involving prostate cancer cells, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts. Acting among those cells during the process of metastasis are several molecules such as bone morphogenetic proteins, platelet-derived growth factor, endothelin-1, matrix metalloproteases, vascular endothelial growth factor, transforming growth factor-β, and insulin-like growth factors. Cell-derived microvesicles are endogenous carriers transporting proteins, mRNAs and miRNAs between cells, which is a candidate for participation in the bone metastasis of these cells. Here, we demonstrated that prostate cancer cells in vitro released microvesicles into the culture medium (PCa-MVs), which was shown by electron microscopic study and nanoparticle tracking analysis. In this study, we found for the first time that these PCa-MVs enhanced osteoblast differentiation mainly through the delivery of PCa cell-derived v-ets erythroblastosis virus E26 oncogene homolog 1, which is an osteoblast differentiation related-transcriptional factor.
Highlights
In many cell types, microvesicles (MVs) including shedding microvesicles (SMVs) and exosomes (EXOs) are released into the extracellular environment as a cell-to-cell communication tool (Bastida et al 1984; Mack et al 2000; Morel et al 2004; Tesse et al 2005; Martinez et al 2006; Wysoczynski and Ratajczak 2009)
There is a vicious cycle for bone metastases involving prostate cancer cells, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts
We demonstrated that prostate cancer cells in vitro released microvesicles into the culture medium (PCa-MVs), which was shown by electron microscopic study and nanoparticle tracking analysis
Summary
Microvesicles (MVs) including shedding microvesicles (SMVs) and exosomes (EXOs) are released into the extracellular environment as a cell-to-cell communication tool (Bastida et al 1984; Mack et al 2000; Morel et al 2004; Tesse et al 2005; Martinez et al 2006; Wysoczynski and Ratajczak 2009). We demonstrated that prostate cancer cells in vitro released microvesicles into the culture medium (PCa-MVs), which was shown by electron microscopic study and nanoparticle tracking analysis. T. Naoe Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan found for the first time that these PCa-MVs enhanced osteoblast differentiation mainly through the delivery of PCa cell-derived v-ets erythroblastosis virus E26 oncogene homolog 1, which is an osteoblast differentiation relatedtranscriptional factor.
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