Abstract
With the advent of computed tomography, it was observed that there was decreased density in the deep white matter (DWM) of many elderly patients. In the 1980s, widespread application of MRI scanning confirmed that there were changes in the DWM of significant numbers of elderly subjects. These white matter hyperintensities on T2 MRI have been called leukoaraiosis (LA) and the severity of LA correlated with decreased cognitive ability. We now know that there is a subset of elderly individuals with vascular dementia where LA is the major abnormality with little or no evidence of cortical infarcts, lacunar infarcts, or remote brain hemorrhages.
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