Abstract
Inflammasomes are intracellular multiple protein complexes that mount innate immune responses to tissue damage and invading pathogens. Their excessive activation is crucial in the development and pathogenesis of inflammatory disorders. Microtubules have been reported to provide the platform for mediating the assembly and activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. Recently, we have identified the microtubule-associated immune molecule guanine nucleotide exchange factor-H1 (GEF-H1) that is crucial in coupling microtubule dynamics to the initiation of microtubule-mediated immune responses. However, whether GEF-H1 also controls the activation of other immune receptors that require microtubules is still undefined. Here we employed GEF-H1-deficient mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) to interrogate the impact of GEF-H1 on the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. NLRP3 but not NLRC4 or AIM2 inflammasome-mediated IL-1β production was dependent on dynamic microtubule network in wild-type (WT) BMDMs. However, GEF-H1 deficiency did not affect NLRP3-driven IL-1β maturation and secretion in macrophages. Moreover, α-tubulin acetylation and mitochondria aggregations were comparable between WT and GEF-H1-deficient BMDMs in response to NLRP3 inducers. Further, GEF-H1 was not required for NLRP3-mediated immune defense against Salmonella typhimurium infection. Collectively, these findings suggest that the microtubule-associated immune modulator GEF-H1 is dispensable for microtubule-mediated NLRP3 activation and host defense in mouse macrophages.
Highlights
The mammalian immune system uses a variety of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) located at the extracellular space as well as many subcellular compartments to detect pathogens, host damage signals, or cellular stressors and initiate innate inflammatory responses for host defense [1]
To confirm that the microtubule network mediates NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation, we stimulated bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) isolated from WT C57BL/6 mice with chemicals Itnhta
We aimed to evaluate the impact of guanine nucleotide exchange factor-H1 (GEF-H1) and cell cytoskeletons on NLRP3 inflamInmtahseomcuerraecnttivsattuidony,iwn emaoiumseedmtaocerovpalhuaagtees.thW e iemdpeamctoonfstGraEteF-tHha1tatnhde acecltlivcayttioosnkeolfetNoLnsRPo3n NLRP3 inflammasome activation in mouse macrophages
Summary
The mammalian immune system uses a variety of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) located at the extracellular space as well as many subcellular compartments to detect pathogens, host damage signals, or cellular stressors and initiate innate inflammatory responses for host defense [1]. Among these receptors, inflammasomes are cytosolic multi-protein complexes that consist of an inflammasome recognition molecule, the adaptor component ASC (encoded by Pycard in mouse), and the effector cysteine protease caspase-1 (encoded by Casp in mouse) [2]. It is critical to identify important interacting or regulatory molecules of NLRP3 activation for the development of potential therapeutics
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