Abstract

EMBO J 31: 3063–3078 Successful axon regeneration relies on a sophisticated balance between stable and dynamic microtubules. While it has been established that moderate microtubule stabilization improves regenerative performance, little is known how microtubules are normally regulated during regeneration. A new study by Cho and Cavalli (2012) uncovers an early role for local microtubule deacetylation that seems important for converting a cut axon stump to a regenerating axon. The authors demonstrate that histone deacetylase 5 is responsible for local deacetylation, and that it is locally activated by PKC downstream of axotomy-induced calcium influx.

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