Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of applying sonic energy on microtensile bond strength and microhardness after the restoration process. A total of 40 human third molars were extracted. Class II cavities were prepared and restored with composite SonicFill or Filtek Z350 XT with and without the application of sonic energy. After the teeth were stored in water for 24 h, the teeth were sectioned into sticks (1.0 mm2) and subjected to tensile testing. For a depth Knoop hardness test, the samples were cut and indentations were made sequentially from the surface of the samples to the bottom of the samples in three intervals of 1 mm each. The samples were then subjected to a load of 50 g for 10 s. The results from the tensile (factors: placement system and composite) and hardness (factors: placement system, composite and depth) tests were subjected to the Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test, followed by analysis of variance and Tukey's test (5% significance). For the placement system factor, higher bond strength was observed for the cavities that were restored with sonic energy (p < 0.001). For depth Knoop hardness, the hardness at 1 mm depth was significantly greater than that at 3 mm depth just for the restorations with Filtek Z350 XT composite without the application of sonic energy. Therefore, the use of sonic energy during the restorative process improved bonding, yet it did not markedly affect the depth hardness for both composites.
Highlights
Resin composites have been extensively employed in restorative dentistry for several decades
The mean microtensile strength of the cavities that were restored with the application of ultrasonic energy was significantly higher than the hollows that were restored without ultrasonic energy (p
The aim of this study was to determine if use of the SonicFill composite resin system using an incremental-fill insertion technique had an effect on microtensile bond strength and depth of hardness in Class II cavities that was comparable to that of a universal, nanoparticle-filled composite, Filtek Z350 XT
Summary
Resin composites have been extensively employed in restorative dentistry for several decades. An incremental filling technique has been widely used for the placement of resin composite restorations [2]. This technique consists of placing increments of resincomposite material in thickness of 2 mm or less followed by exposure to light curing from an occlusal direction and repeating increments until the preparation is filled [3]. Bulk-fill techniques have the potential to substantially simplify restorative procedures and reduce chair time. Bulk-fill composites have been applied as a single increment up to 4 mm for class I and class II cavities, simplifying and reducing the clinical technique needed for bonded restorations [4]
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