Abstract
The study of cerebrovascular anatomy can be difficult and may take time due to its intrinsic complexity. However, it can also be difficult for the following reasons: the excessive description of neuroanatomy making articles hard to read, the unclear clinical application of what is written, the use of simplified or intricate schematic drawings that are not always appropriate for effective teaching, the poor quality of neuroanatomy dissections and the use of unusual views of figures that are not strictly related to the most frequent neuroimages to be interpreted in daily practice. Because of this, we designed an article that incorporates original and accurate anatomical dissections in an attempt to improve its comprehensibility. Five formalin-fixed adult cadaveric heads, whose vessels were injected with a colored silicone mixture (red for arteries and blue for veins), were dissected and examined under a microscope with magnifications from 3× to 40×. Special emphasis has been placed on correlating topographic anatomy with routine neuroimaging studies from computed tomographic angiography (CTA) and digital subtraction angiography (DSA). The essential surgical anatomy in a neurosurgeon’s daily practice is also described. The cadaveric dissections included in this study contribute to the understanding of the cerebrovascular anatomy necessary for the neurosurgeon’s daily practice.
Highlights
Cerebrovascular neuroanatomy is very well described in classic neuroanatomy textbooks like those of Rhoton [1], Yasargil [2], Youmans [3], and Gray’s Anatomy [4], to name just a few within a large group
Its initial study may prove to be difficult and to take time due to its intrinsic complexity. It can be difficult for the following reasons: the excessive description of neuroanatomy making articles hard to read, the unclear clinical application of what is written, the use of simplified or intricate schematic drawings that are not always appropriate for effective teaching [5], the poor quality of neuroanatomy dissections and the use of unusual views of figures—common practice is to show the circle of Willis from below—that are not strictly related to the most frequent neuroimages to be interpreted in daily practice
We incorporated original and accurate anatomical dissections to further improve the recognition of anatomical structures on routine neuroimaging studies from computed tomographic angiography (CTA) and digital subtraction angiography (DSA)
Summary
Cerebrovascular neuroanatomy is very well described in classic neuroanatomy textbooks like those of Rhoton [1], Yasargil [2], Youmans [3], and Gray’s Anatomy [4], to name just a few within a large group. Its initial study may prove to be difficult and to take time due to its intrinsic complexity. It can be difficult for the following reasons: the excessive description of neuroanatomy making articles hard to read, the unclear clinical application of what is written, the use of simplified or intricate schematic drawings that are not always appropriate for effective teaching [5], the poor quality of neuroanatomy dissections and the use of unusual views of figures—common practice is to show the circle of Willis from below—that are not strictly related to the most frequent neuroimages to be interpreted in daily practice. An exhaustive anatomic description of the normal vessels and anatomic variations is beyond the scope of this text and the authors suggest consulting the classic anatomy textbooks for this purpose [1,2,3,4]
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