Abstract
In current research, the effect of the multi-directional forging (MDF) process on the microstructure, texture, mechanical and electrical properties of AA-6063 under different heat treatment conditions at various MDF temperatures was studied. The annealed AA-6063 alloy was processed up to three passes of MDF at ambient temperature. Three passes of this process were also applied to the solution-treated AA-6063 at ambient temperature and 177 °C. Microstructural investigations demonstrated that the MDF process led to a significant reduction in the average grain size as well as a considerable increase in the fraction of low angle grain boundaries. Texture analysis revealed that copper and Goss textures were mainly developed within the annealed and solution-treated samples of AA-6063, respectively. The hardness and shear strength values of all processed samples also showed a sizeable improvement compared to the initial heat-treated samples. For example, the hardness and shear yield strength value of the solution-treated sample MDFed for three passes showed more than 100 and 70% increase, respectively. The effect of the MDF process on the electrical conductivity of AA-6063 under different heat treatment conditions at various temperatures was negligible. So, it can be concluded that the MDF process increased the mechanical properties without an appreciable decrease in electrical conductivity.
Highlights
Severe Plastic Deformation (SPD) has proved to be a reliable method for producing ultrafine-grained (UFG) metals and alloys
Despite the lower strain homogeneity achieved by Multi-directional forging (MDF) compared with other common SPD processes like equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) and high-pressure torsion (HPT), this method is well-suited to generating a UFG structure in rather brittle materials considering its relatively low specific load and the possibility to conduct the process at elevated temperatures
For instance,ofthe average textures grain sizein of differently the solution‐treated sample at room temperature reduced from 200before μm foras thewell
Summary
Severe Plastic Deformation (SPD) has proved to be a reliable method for producing ultrafine-grained (UFG) metals and alloys. SPD processes, was first applied in the 1990s to develop UFG structure in bulk materials. Despite the lower strain homogeneity achieved by MDF compared with other common SPD processes like equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) and high-pressure torsion (HPT), this method is well-suited to generating a UFG structure in rather brittle materials considering its relatively low specific load and the possibility to conduct the process at elevated temperatures. Other advantages of MDF include its high efficiency and low processing cost. Choosing appropriate temperatures and strain rates can lead to a desired nanocrystalline structure even for large billets [1,2,3,4,5].
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