Abstract
Milled polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based Carbon Fibers (mPCFs) were prepared from PAN-based carbon fibers by using a ball milling process. The resulting structural changes in the mPCFs were analyzed by correlating the analytical results obtained by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy and verified by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) lattice images and diffraction patterns. The crystallite size La calculated from the XRD measurements decreased as the milling time was increased to 12 h and then decreased as the milling time was further increased to 18 h. The La of both partially-milled Carbon Fiber (pmCF) and milled Carbon Fiber (mCF) calculated from the Raman spectroscopy data continuously increased as the milling time increased. The difference may be because XRD measured the entire sample regardless of pmCF and mCF, while Raman spectroscopy was limited to measuring the surface and differentiated pmCF and mCF. As the ball milling time increased, the fiber surface was firstly broken by the impact energy of the balls, decreasing crystallinity, while the La inside the unbroken fibers increased.
Highlights
Milled Carbon Fiber is a type of carbon fiber with a filament shorter than chopped carbon fiber, typically a length of 1 mm or less [1]
We investigated the effect of ball milling time on fiber structure in the preparation of Milled polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based Carbon Fibers (mPCFs) and obtained the following conclusions
The crystallite size, La, obtained from the X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra decreased at 12 h of ball milling time and drastically increased at 18 h
Summary
Milled Carbon Fiber (mCF) is a type of carbon fiber with a filament shorter than chopped carbon fiber, typically a length of 1 mm or less [1]. M. Endo [2] prepared milled mesophase pitch-based carbon fiber by melt-blow and analyzed its crystallinity using XRD and Raman spectroscopy. The Raman analysis showed that R (=I1360 /I1580 ) decreased and the crystallite La increased as the thermal treatment temperature increased Endo reported that the crystallinity of milled mesophase pitch-based carbon fiber could be effectively analyzed by XRD and Raman spectroscopy. We prepared mPCFs by varying the ball milling time and analyzed the crystallinity and electrical conductivity with XRD [13]. We conducted the present study in order to investigate the crystallinity of mPCFs according to milling time by using Raman spectroscopy and analyzed the results in association with the XRD results. Changes in the crystallinity of the mPCFs were verified by transmission electron microscopy (TEM)
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