Abstract
In situ observations of cirrus clouds were carried out using a special sonde, the hydrometeor videosonde (HYVIS), at Tsukuba, Japan, in June 1989. The HYVIS provided direct images of cloud particles of 7 μm to 1 cm in size by radio. The HYVIS observations were made of three cirrostratus clouds extended northward portion from the surface warm and stationary fronts. The cloud base and cloud top were about 7 km (−20°C) and 13 km (−60°C), respectively. They contained no cloud droplets and were composed of ice crystals of 10 μm to 1.5 mm in size. The concentrations of ice crystals were about 10 5 m −3. Most of the ice crystals were column and bullet types, providing the 22° halo. It is suggested that the ice crystals grew by deposition in a synoptic scale updraft region up to 10 cm s −1. The results provided an useful information about composition and structure of cirrus clouds.
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