Abstract
Fine-grained austenitic stainless steels (FGSS) were plasma nitrided below 700 K to describe their microstructure evolution during the nitrogen supersaturation process and to investigate the post-stressing effect on the microstructure and mechanical properties of nitrided FGSS. Normal- and fine-grained AISI304 plates were nitrided at 623 K and 673 K to investigate the grain size effect on the nitrogen supersaturation process as well as the microstructure evolution during the nitriding process. Fine-grained AISI316 (FGSS316) wires were nitrided at 623 K to demonstrate that their outer surfaces were uniformly nitrided to have the same two-phase, refined microstructure with high nitrogen solute content. This nitrided FGSS316 wire had a core structure where the original FGSS316 core matrix was bound by the nitrided FGSS316 layer. The nitrided wire had higher stiffness, ultimate strength, and elongation in the uniaxial tensile testing than its un-nitrided wires. The core microstructure was refined and homogenized by this applied loading together with an increase of nitrided layer hardness.
Highlights
Austenitic stainless steels as well as titanium and titanium alloys have been utilized as biomedical components [1]
Fine-grained austenitic stainless steel wire is highlighted as a new biomaterial tool to advance endoscopic surgical operations [2,3]
The nitrogen supersaturation process in NGSS304 and FGSS304 plates is experimentally described by plasma nitriding at 673 K and 623 K
Summary
Austenitic stainless steels as well as titanium and titanium alloys have been utilized as biomedical components [1]. As surveyed in [9], there have been many studies on the low-temperature plasma nitriding of austenitic stainless steels since nitrogen supersaturation was first found. In the literature on the nitrogen supersaturation of AISI304 stainless steels, most plasma nitriding processes were performed above 673 K for a longer time than 15 ks. The uniaxial tensile loading test was performed using the precision universal testing machine AUTOGRAPH AGS-X 10 kN (Shimazu Co., Ltd., Kyoto, Japan) This uniaxial loading was terminated when the maximum applied load reached 6 kN before fatal ductile fracture for microstructure analyses
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