Microstructure, Mechanical and Corrosion Properties of Friction Stir Welding High Nitrogen Martensitic Stainless Steel 30Cr15Mo1N

Xin Geng,Binbin Zhang,Shucai Zhang,Hao Feng,Jizhong Li,Zhouhua Jiang,Qi Wang,Huabing Li

doi:10.3390/met6120301

Abstract

High nitrogen martensitic stainless steel 30Cr15Mo1N plates were successfully welded by friction stir welding (FSW) at a tool rotation speed of 300 rpm with a welding speed of 100 mm/min, using W-Re tool. The sound joint with no significant nitrogen loss was successfully produced. Microstructure, mechanical and corrosion properties of an FSW joint were investigated. The results suggest that the grain size of the stir zone (SZ) is larger than the base metal (BM) and is much larger the case in SZ-top. Some carbides and nitrides rich in chromium were found in BM while not observed in SZ. The martensitic phase in SZ could transform to austenite phase during the FSW process and the higher peak temperature, the greater degree of transformation. The hardness of SZ is significantly lower than that of the BM. An abrupt change of hardness defined as hard zone (HZ) was found in the thermo-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ) on the advancing side (AS), and the HZ is attributed to a combination result of temperature, deformation, and material flow behavior. The corrosion resistance of SZ is superior to that of BM, which can be attributed to less precipitation and lower angle boundaries (LABs). The corrosion resistance of SZ-bottom is slight higher than that of SZ-top because of the finer grained structure.

Highlights

High nitrogen martensitic stainless steel is one of the superior materials that utilize nitrogen as an alternative alloying element instead of nickel [1,2]
The results indicated that the hardness in stir zone (SZ) reduced significantly and the final grain size in SZ became coarser than that in the ultrafine starting microstructure
The friction stir welding (FSW) of a high nitrogen martensitic stainless steel 30Cr15Mo1N plate was conducted at a rotation rate of 300 rpm and a traveling rate of 100 mm/min with a W-Re tool

Summary

Introduction

High nitrogen martensitic stainless steel is one of the superior materials that utilize nitrogen as an alternative alloying element instead of nickel [1,2]. In the case of the welding of martensitic stainless steel with high nitrogen content, conventional fusion welding processes remain some common problems, such as nitride desorption, formation of nitrogen associated pore, solidification cracks in stir zone (SZ) and nitride precipitation in the heat affected zone (HAZ) because of high heat-input [6,7,8]. These weld defects can deteriorate the mechanical properties and corrosion. To avoid these drawbacks, exploring a reasonable welding technology for high nitrogen martensitic stainless steel was necessary [9,10]

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion