Abstract
Titanium-based composites with in-situ calcium and phosphor phases were prepared by powder metallurgy processing with titanium and hydroxyapatite (HA) powders. The mixtures were performed in a friction mill with alcohol for 5 hours, dried in a rotating evaporator, pressed at 600 MPa and sintered at 1200 ºC for 2 hours in argon atmosphere. Crystal phases of the as-fabricated composite are found to be, α-Ti, CaTiO3, Ca3(PO4)2 and Ti xPy phase(s). The analyses revealed that titanium particles were covered with a compact layer of Ti xPy and CaTiO3 phases, which resulted from the decomposition of HA into CaTiO3 and β-Ca3(PO4)2 at approximately 1025 ºC. Then the reactions were followed by the decomposition of β-Ca3(PO4)2, resulting in the growth of CaTiO3 layer and in the nucleation and growth of Ti xPy phase(s).
Highlights
Titanium has been widely used for biomedical applications under load-bearing conditions, due to its biocompatibility and low density coupled with good balance of mechanical properties and corrosion resistance[1,2,3,4,5]
Biocomposites produced by powder metallurgy technique with titanium and nanometric HA powder were not found in the literature
The powders and the sintered materials were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TG)
Summary
Titanium has been widely used for biomedical applications under load-bearing conditions, due to its biocompatibility and low density coupled with good balance of mechanical properties and corrosion resistance[1,2,3,4,5]. A good combination of the bioactivity of hydroxyapatite and the mechanical properties of titanium is considered to be a promising approach to fabricating more suitable biomedical materials for load-bearing applications. This combination can be achieved by a powder metallurgy technique using appropriate mixtures of titanium and calcium phosphate powders. Reporting densification and microstructure of biomaterials fabricated with various parameters, these investigations still cover a limited number of conditions such as raw materials, processing methods, particles size and their chemical The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the effect of hydroxyapatite particle size on the production, microstructure and compression strength of titanium/hydroxyapatite composites prepared by powder metallurgy. Biocomposites produced by powder metallurgy technique with titanium and nanometric HA powder were not found in the literature
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