Abstract
Nanocrystalline powders of CaCu 3Ti 4O 12 (CCTO) have been prepared by high-energy ball milling the powder mixture of CaO, CuO, TiO 2 with molar ratio 1:3:4. The ball milling of powder mixture was performed in air medium for 5 min to 14 h. Microstructure characterization of all the ball-milled and unmilled powder mixtures was done by analyzing the X-ray powder diffraction data. Formation of cubic CCTO is noticed in the 2 h ball-milled powder mixture. With the progress of milling time, the cubic CCTO phase increases gradually. Complete formation of nanocrystalline CCTO was noticed within 8 h of ball milling. Formation mechanism, phase transition kinetics, structural and microstructural changes in terms of lattice imperfections and relative phase abundances of individual phases have been estimated from the analysis of X-ray powder diffraction data of unmilled and ball-milled powder mixtures by Rietveld's powder structure refinement method.
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