Abstract
Since the early 90's the oil industry has been encouraging the development of corrosion and wear resistant alloys for onshore and offshore pipeline applications. In this context supermartensitic stainless steel was introduced to replace the more expensive duplex stainless steel for tubing applications. Despite the outstanding corrosion resistance of stainless steels, their wear resistance is of concern. Some authors reported obtaining material processed by spray forming, such as ferritic stainless steel, superduplex stainless steel modified with boron, and iron-based amorphous alloys, which presented high wear resistance while maintaining the corrosion performance1,2. The addition of boron to iron-based alloys promotes the formation of hard boride particles (M2B type) which improve their wear resistances3-9. This work aimed to study the microstructure and wear resistance of supermartensitic stainless steel modified with 0.3 wt. (%) and 0.7 wt. (%) processed by spray forming (SF-SMSS 0.3%B and SF-SMSS 0.7%B, respectively). These boron contents were selected in order to improve the wear resistance of supermartensitic stainless steel through the formation of uniformly distributed borides maintaining the characteristics of the corrosion resistant matrix. SF-SMSS 0.7%B presents an abrasive wear resistance considerably higher than spray-formed supermartensitic stainless steel without boron addition (SF-SMSS).
Highlights
The aggressive environment encountered in oil exploration platforms subjects parts of the equipment such as valves, pumps and pipelines to extreme corrosion and wear conditions
This study involved three alloys based on the chemical composition of 12Cr-5Ni-1Mo supermartensitic stainless steel (SF-SMSS), with two of them being modified with 0.3 wt. (%) and 0.7 wt. (%) of boron (SF-SMSS 0.3%B and spray-formed supermartensitic stainless steel without boron addition (SF-SMSS) 0.7%B, respectively)
In order to achieve the chemical composition of the SMSS, the 316 L stainless steel was diluted with commercially pure iron and adjusted with commercially pure chromium
Summary
The aggressive environment encountered in oil exploration platforms subjects parts of the equipment such as valves, pumps and pipelines to extreme corrosion and wear conditions. The oil industries have been encouraging the development of corrosion and wear resistant alloys. In the last decade the spray forming process has been largely used in the development of wear resistant alloys[1,2,10,11]. Spray forming presents features of rapid solidification techniques and the resulting microstructures of the deposits are macrosegregation-free with fine uniform equiaxed grains and fine uniformly distributed primary and secondary phase precipitates[12,13]. Some authors reported that alloys, such as high chromium white cast irons, produced by spray forming present superior sliding and abrasive wear resistance than the same alloys produced by conventional casting, due to the refined microstructures and homogeneously distributed
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