Abstract
In this paper, the microstructure and texture formation mechanism of nanocrystalline anisotropic Nd-Fe-B magnets prepared by a one-step heating forward-extrusion method were systematically studied. The hot-extruded (HE) Nd-Fe-B magnet showed the same heterogeneous microstructure characteristics as the traditional die-upsetting magnet. With the decrease of extrusion width (w1), the c-axis texture gradually enhanced, accompanied by an increasing proportion of fine-grain region and the improvement of the ordered arrangement of platelet grains. In addition, strong c-axis texture was formed by the ordered arrangement of platelet grains benefiting from the difference of stress distribution caused by the difference of side length of the extrusion port. By adjusting the dimension of the rectangle extrusion port, the magnetic properties of HE Nd-Fe-B magnets were optimized. The optimized magnetic properties with (BH)max of 241.3 kJ/m3, Hci of 1025.3 kA/m, Mr of 0.94 MA/m can be acquired for the hot extrution (HE) Nd-Fe-B magnet with extrusion width (w1) of 2.5 mm. In this method, the demoulding process can be avoided successfully by using cold pressing instead of hot pressing, which is of great significance for continuous and high-volume production.
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