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Abstract
In the last few years, great attention has been paid to the preparation of polypropylene (PP) nanocomposites using carbon nanotubes (CNTs) due to the tremendous enhancement of the mechanical, thermal, electrical, optical and structural properties of the pristine material. This is due to the unique combination of structural, mechanical, electrical, and thermal transport properties of CNTs. However, it is well-known that the properties of polymer-based nanocomposites strongly depend on the dispersion of nanofillers and almost all the discussed properties of PP/CNTs nanocomposites are strongly related to their microstructure. PP/CNTs nanocomposites were, mainly, prepared by melt mixing and in situ polymerization. Young’s modulus, tensile strength and storage modulus of the PP/CNTs nanocomposites can be increased with increasing CNTs content due to the reinforcement effect of CNTs inside the polymer matrix. However, above a certain CNTs content the mechanical properties are reduced due to the CNTs agglomeration. The microstructure of nanocomposites has been studied mainly by SEM and TEM techniques. Furthermore, it was found that CNTs can act as nucleating agents promoting the crystallization rates of PP and the addition of CNTs enhances all other physical properties of PP. The aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review of the existing literature related to PP/CNTs nanocomposite preparation methods and properties studies.
Highlights
Isotactic polypropylene is one of the most important commodity thermoplastics, accounting for about 20% of the total world polyolefin production [1]
Isotactic polypropylene is a thermoplastic polymer widely used in many fields and its applications are increasing last years
It has been reported that carbon nanotubes in Isotactic polypropylene (iPP) produce the following improvements in properties: Young’s modulus, tensile strength, ultimate strain and toughness of iPP can be improved since neat CNTs have higher mechanical properties than neat iPP
Summary
Isotactic polypropylene (iPP) is one of the most important commodity thermoplastics, accounting for about 20% of the total world polyolefin production [1]. The modulus of graphite fibers and steel are in the range 300–800 and 200–400 GPa, respectively, and the tensile strengths of these materials are about 5 and 10–20 GPa, respectively, whereas the density of SWCNTs is one-sixth that of steel. This is coupled with approximately 500-times more surface area per gram (based on equivalent volume fraction of typical carbon fiber) and an aspect ratio of around 100-1000. The microstructure of the PP/CNTs nanocomposites is discussed in the present paper, while emphasis is given to how this microstructure affects the properties of the final material
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