Abstract
In this work, a systematic investigation of microstructure and mechanical properties of explosively welded Ti/Cu/Fe trimetallic plate is presented. Smoothed particles hydrodynamics (SPH) methods is applied to simulate the high-velocity oblique impact welding process. The simulation results reproduce the formation of the wave boundary, vortex zones, and jetting, supporting and extending the presented experimental results. Combined with the SEM, EBSD, TEM and XRD examinations, Cu4Ti intermetallics are identified in the vortices and solid-solid bonded regions at Ti/Cu interface, while ultra-fine Cu grains are formed along the entire Cu/Fe interface. During explosive welding, heat transfer between the vortex zones and severely deformed layers of the parent plates induces the formation of above microstructures. Microhardness contours depict well the characterized hardness distribution across the entire Ti/Cu/Fe joints. The nanoindentation tests reveals the individual properties of the typical phases formed, i.e., Cu4Ti ∼ 11.8 GPa, ultra-fine Cu grians∼3.9 GPa. The Ti/Cu/Fe trimetallic plates show the average tensile strength of 366 MPa, with brittle fracture observed at Ti/Cu interface region.
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