Abstract
The MgCa0.7 alloy may be a promising material for biodegradable surgical wires. In this paper, the technology for producing surgical wires from this alloy has been developed, based both on finite element modelling and experimental study. In particular, the extrusion and hot-drawing effects on the mechanical properties, microstructures, in-vitro rates of biocorrosion, and cytotoxicity to human cancer cells (SaOS-2) and healthy (hPDL) ones, have been determined. An approximately 30–40% increase in corrosion rate due to increasing hot-drawing temperature was observed. An effect of hot-drawing temperature on cytotoxicity was also found. Notably, at various stages of the final wires’ production, the MgCa0.7 alloy became toxic to cancer cells. This cytotoxicity depended on the alloys’ processing parameters and was maximal for the as-extruded rod and for the wires immediately after hot drawing at 440 °C. Thus, the careful selection of processing parameters makes it possible to obtain a product that is not only a promising candidate for biodegradable surgical wires, but one which also has intrinsic bioactive properties that produce antitumor activity.
Highlights
Biodegradable surgical wires (BSW) with high strength are still in demand for surgical practice
In the finite element model (FEM) model of the extrusion, the shape and dimensions of the matrix and the workpiece corresponded to those that used in the real experiment
It can be seen that the strengths of the wires, after the hot drawing, were significantly higher than the strength of the workpiece after the extrusion
Summary
Biodegradable surgical wires (BSW) with high strength are still in demand for surgical practice. Magnesium-based alloys are one of the best candidates for BSW manufacturing [1]. The recommended daily intake of Mg for the human body is between 375 and 500 mg/day [2]. According to [3], the recommended daily intake of iron varies between 6 and 20 mg/day and for zinc between 6.5 and 15 mg/day [4]. According to [5], pure magnesium wires were used in surgery for the first time by M.D. Edward and C. Huse successfully used them as ligatures to stop bleeding vessels in a radial artery and during an operation for varicocele. In conclusion of the clinical report, Huse wrote the following:
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