Abstract
A compact TiC-Fe gradient coating with high hardness and toughness has been fabricated on cast iron by two-step in situ reaction. The phase constitution of the coating was TiC and α-Fe. As the thickness of the coating was increased, the size (about 6.34 μm to 0.54 μm) and volume fraction of TiC particles gradually decreased. The formation mechanism of TiC was nucleation-growth of TiC grains (the first step of the in situ reaction) and the diffusion-type solid-phase transition via diffusion of carbon atoms into the titanium lattice (the second step of the in situ reaction). From the surface of the coating to the coating–substrate interface, the hardness and elastic modulus gradually decreased from 30.74 ± 0.61 GPa and 438.47 ± 4.82 GPa to 21.67 ± 1.03 GPa and 380.71 ± 5.86 GPa, respectively. Meanwhile, t he fracture toughness gradually increased from 3.21 MPa m1/2 to 6.75 MPa m1/2.
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