Abstract
Lead-free ceramics (K0.5Na0.5)1−3xLaxNbO3 (0 ⩽ x ⩽ 0.0175) have been fabricated by a conventional sintering technique. The results of XRD show that the ceramics possess a perovskite structure with orthorhombic symmetry. Moreover, doping inhibits the grain growth, decreases the ferroelectric–paraelectric phase transition temperature and induces a diffuse phase transition. At low doping levels (x ⩽ 0.0075), the observed remanent polarization (Pr) and coercive field (Ec) remain almost unchanged. As x increases from 0.0075 to 0.0175, Pr starts to decrease while Ec increases. Nevertheless, due to the increase in relative permittivity, the ceramic with x = 0.0125 exhibits the optimum piezoelectric properties, giving a large piezoelectric coefficient (d33 = 135 pC N−1) and a high planar electromechanical coupling coefficient (kP = 0.40).
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