Abstract
Fish scales are rich source of naturally occurring calcium phosphates and can be processed further to obtain biphasic ceramics (BCPs) for bone restoration. In this study, freshwater fish (Cyprinus carpio) scales were calcined at 700 °C and 900 °C followed by ball-milling to know the suitable temperature for extraction of BCPs. The fine powder obtained at 900 °C was investigated for its composition and microstructure using different techniques. The biocompatibility of the BCPs was investigated by MTT assay, using human fibroblast cells. The XRD and FTIR profiles confirmed the successful formation of biphasic ceramic (HA/β-TCP) with 91.26/8.74 phase ratio, at 900 °C. FESEM and TEM micrographs revealed the nanosized rod shaped hydroxyapatite and round shaped β-TCP particles. In addition, the BCPs showed no cytotoxicity on fibroblasts evidencing its biocompatibility. With these unique properties, BCPs derived from fresh water fish scales can be explored further to make bone scaffolds.
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