Abstract
The Nafion -117 (H+ form) was converted to Ag+ form by ion exchange. The silver nanoparticles were formed in the membrane by reduction of Ag+ (of Ag+ form membrane) using an ionic reducing agent, NaBH4, and a neutral reducing agent, formamide. The free volume hole sizes in the nanoparticle doped and undoped Nafion were measured by positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS). The surface modifications in the membrane by incorporation of nanoparticles were investigated using slow positron beam. The changes in the bulk free volume of Nafion with presence of nanoparticles were found to be nominal. In contrast, the surface microstructure appears to have undergone significant change.
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