Microstructural stability of reduced activation ferritic/martensitic steels under high temperature and stress cycling

Abstract

Reduced activation ferritic/martensitic steels are leading candidates for blanket/first-wall structures of the D-T fusion reactors. In fusion application, structural materials will suffer cyclic stresses caused by repeated changes of temperature and electromagnetic forces according to reactor operation scenarios. Therefore, creep–fatigue behaviors are extremely important to qualify reduced activation steels as fusion structural materials. In this work, microstructural stability of reduced activation ferritic/martensitic steels under various external stresses, such as constant stress cyclic stress, was studied. The materials used are JLF-1 steel (9Cr–2W–V,Ta) and JLS-2 steel (9Cr–3W–V,Ta). The microstructure inspection by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed following creep rupture tests, fatigue and creep–fatigue tests at elevated temperatures. In order to examine precipitation morphology in detail, the improved extracted residue and extracted replica methods were applied. From the microstructural observation of creep rupture-tested specimen, intergranular precipitates such as M 23C 6 and Laves phase coarsened by applying the static stress.