Abstract
The dynamic compaction of powders is characterized by a complex sequence of pressure loading and shear deformation, adiabatic temperature rise and structural annealing. The relative effects of these factors have been examined by studying the hardness and microstructure of compacted aluminium samples. Particle interiors are considerably shock-hardened, and then partially softened by dislocation recovery. The recovered structures appear to be relatively stable against further softening and recrystallization. The melted zones which occur as pore-filling between powder particles takes place are extremely hard and thermally stable. These zones possess a fine-grained structure after rapid resolidification, contain an oxide dispersion from the oxide films on the original powder surfaces, and are hardened by microvoids from the shrinkage occurring during solidification. The final material structures and properties are therefore variable throughout a given compacted samples, and depend sensitively on many aspects of the material, the powder and the consolidation conditions.
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