Abstract
Microstructural changes in thin foils of the alloy Cu-5at.%Ti were investigated by means of in situ aging and electron irradiation experiments inside a high voltage electron microscope. It is shown experimentally that the morphology or the mode of precipitation in the thin foils differs from that observed in the bulk material. In the thin foils aged in situ at 400–450°C, a modulated microstructure is observed which consists primarily of a two-dimensional array of rod-shaped particles along the Cu[100] and Cu[010] directions, instead of the three-dimensional composition modulations usually observed in bulk specimens. In the thinner regions near the edge of the foil or in the near-surface regions, characteristic precipitate-free zones are formed. Under irradiation conditions, heterogeneous precipitation occurs at radiation-induced lattice defects which are present in the near-surface regions in the foil. Concurrently, a periodic array of coherent rod-like precipitates appears in the deeper regions of the foil. Electron irradiation is found to enhance substantially the coarsening of the periodic modulated structures. The observed characteristics of the microstructural changes in the thin foils can be understood in terms of surface or shape effects of the specimen.
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