Abstract
Concrete structures must be designed and constructed so as to resist the conditions established in the project design and suffer no deterioration for many years. In highly aggressive environments, in addition to the minimum layer covering the framework, the concrete must receive a protective coating. In this work, the efficiency of acrylic paint as a protective coating, while the concrete was placed in an aggressive environment, was assessed utilizing a profilometric and microstructural characterization. The concrete was dosed using the ACI - American Concrete Institute method. The specimens were prepared with 370 kg.m-3 of cement and the water-binder ratio of 0.50 corresponds to the value established in NBR6118¹ types for concrete subjected to highly aggressive environments. With the use of profilometry, 3D topographical images and surface roughness parameters were generated, which allowed for the identification of the degradation process and the minimization of the effect of this attack on concrete that had received surface protection. The topographic roughness parameters, as well as the images and chemical components identified using SEM/EDS, made it possible to identify the process of deterioration of the concrete under acid attack and to minimize such effect in the coated concrete. The methodology adopted demonstrates that the application of acrylic paint as a protective coating for concrete in an aggressive environment minimizes its surface degradation and increases its durability.
Highlights
Concrete is a widely used material in civil construction and the proportions of its constituting elements must provide for the requirements with respect to its resistance, workability, impermeability and durability, which are fundamental properties of concrete
A clear degradation of the concrete with no protection was noted following the chemical attack in relation to its conditions prior to the attack (Figure 3), which may be confirmed through the parameter S, the distance between the highest peak and t the deepest valley, which varied from 443 μm to 1,429 μm, which corresponds to a variation of 223%
The profilometric characterization, performed utilizing the topographic images of the Sa, Sq, Sp, Sv, St, and Sz roughness parameters allow for verification that the concrete subjected to an aggressive environment underwent surface degradation
Summary
Concrete is a widely used material in civil construction and the proportions of its constituting elements must provide for the requirements with respect to its resistance, workability, impermeability and durability, which are fundamental properties of concrete. Resistance is usually a general indication of the quality of the concrete, since it is directly related to the structure of the hardened cement mixture[2,3]. In recent decades innumerous structures compromised due to problems related to durability have been observed, which indicates an urgent need to expand research on construction materials and methods with a focus on concrete quality, on external attacks that may come to affect it and on surface protection coatings[5]. Even though a concrete may be satisfactory, despite some unfavorable aspects, a single adverse supplementary factor may lead to its deterioration. Permeability is the main factor determining the vulnerability of concrete to external agents. For a concrete to be durable, it must have low porosity or be protected from aggressive agents
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