Abstract
The targeted drug delivery is designed for endeavoring to concentrate the drug in the tissues of curiosity while reducing relative concentration of medication in the remaining tissues. There for drug is localized on the targeted site. Hence, surrounding tissues are not affected by the drug. Controlled drug delivery system can overcome the problems of conventional drug therapy and gives better therapeutic efficacy of a drug. Microspheres are characteristically free flowing powders consisting of proteins or synthetic polymers having a particle size ranging from 1-1000 µm. The range of Techniques for the preparation of microspheres offers a Variety of opportunities to control aspects of drug administration and enhance the therapeutic efficacy of a given drug. There are various approaches in delivering a therapeutic substance to the target site in a sustained controlled release fashion. Microspheres has a drug located centrally within the particle, where it is encased within a unique polymeric membrane. In future various other strategies, microspheres will find the central place in novel drug delivery, particularly in diseased cell sorting, diagnostics, gene and genetic materials, safe, targeted and effective in vivo delivery and supplements as miniature versions of diseased organ and tissues in the body.
Highlights
Microspheres are small spherical particles, with diameters 10 μm to 1000 μm
Solid biodegradable microspheres incorporating a drug dispersed or dissolved through particle matrix have the potential for the controlled release of drug
A number of hydrophilic drugs like luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LH-RH) agonist, vaccines, proteins/peptides and conventional molecules are successfully incorporated into the microspheres using the method of double emulsion solvent evaporation/extraction
Summary
Microspheres are small spherical particles, with diameters 10 μm to 1000 μm. Microsphere play an important role to improve bioavailability of conventional drugs and minimizing side effects. The main advantage of applying microspheres as drugs delivery system is the controlled release of the drug content. Solid biodegradable microspheres incorporating a drug dispersed or dissolved through particle matrix have the potential for the controlled release of drug. They are made up of polymeric, waxy, or other protective materials, that is, biodegradable synthetic polymers and modified natural products [1,2,3]. The drug is released slowly at the desired rate, if the system is floating on gastric content, increases gastric residence and fluctuation in plasma concentration It reduces chances of striking and dose dumping and produces prolonged therapeutic effect.
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