Abstract
Domain switching not only exhibits a great effect on piezoelectric performance, but also serves as foundation of some ferroelectric applications, such as ferroelectric nonvolatile memories and nonlinear optical devices. Therefore, a thorough understanding in the process and mechanism of domain switching is of vital significance. In this paper, we observed the process of domain switching under electric field by controlling poling conditions. The domain structures, polarization orientation, and piezoelectric performance of K0.52Na0.48NbO3 single crystals poled at different temperatures and electric fields were investigated. We found that the polarization-rotation in poling process of the crystals occurs in steps and along a specific conversion path: [1¯01] - [011] - [1¯10]. Furthermore, poling under specific conditions can construct specific domains, which can be used in optical-function devices and may significantly promote the design of new generation ferroelectric memory devices.
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