Microscopic Congestion Detection Protocol in VANETs

Mushtaq Ahmad,Qingchun Chen,Zahid Khan

doi:10.1155/2018/6387063

Mushtaq Ahmad, Qingchun Chen + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/6387063

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Abstract

Effective transportation status surveillance imposes critical challenges for the Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) design. In this paper, the microscopic congestion detection protocol (MCDP) is proposed to make the vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication capable of monitoring vehicle density and identifying traffic jam. By introducing transportation control domain in the existing network protocol header, each vehicle can count its neighbors and estimate the time spacing among vehicles. MCDP provides an infrastructure-less solution to the estimate of vehicle density, flow, and average velocity in a microscopically manner. Moreover, the safety speed limit is introduced to make each vehicle calculate its time to cover the intervehicle distance, such that every vehicle is able to assess the transportation congestion by comparing with some predefined safety time threshold. Monte Carlo simulations of the MCDP over four typical Chinese highways are presented to compare the MCDP scheme with the existing Green-Shield congestion detection scheme. In addition, real road traces generated by SUMO over NS2 are utilized to show the achieved performance in terms of throughput, end-to-end delay, and packet delivery rate (PDR) in comparison to DSR and AOMDV in IEEE 802.11p and IEEE 802.11ac scenarios. On the basis of all the results, we conclude that MCDP is an inexpensive transport congestion detection technique for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs).

Highlights

The ever-increasing traffic density requires more effective traffic control technique to avoid the serious traffic jam [1]
Compared to the aforementioned infrastructure method, the vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) provides us a costeffective infrastructure-free technique to support a variety of Intelligent transportation system (ITS) applications, such as safety surveillance, road monitoring, traffic flow management, and vehicle density estimation
In the proposed microscopic congestion detection protocol (MCDP) for VANETs, we considered more realistic intervehicle spacing, which is modeled as an exponential distribution

Summary

Introduction

The ever-increasing traffic density requires more effective traffic control technique to avoid the serious traffic jam [1]. A number of research efforts have been devoted to traffic congestion detection in both infrastructure mode and infrastructure-free mode These protocols aim to monitor road traffic and to estimate vehicle speed, density, and the arrival time [2,3,4]. On the basis of the MCDP, the vehicles on the highway are capable of calculating the number of neighbors Nc and estimating the spacing coverage time/headway Tg. If Tg is less than the predefined safety threshold τ0, the congestion is detected, and the message will be broadcast. All the analysis in this paper confirms that the proposed MCDP provides us with an effective network layer technique to detect and manage traffic congestion, even in the multiple lanes scenarios.

The State of the Art

The MCDP Mechanism

Experimental Study

Conclusions