Microscopic analyses of the effects of mechanical cleaning interventions on cut marks

Abstract

In many cases, the study of archaeological fossil surfaces is not possible without prior intervention by conservation-restoration specialists. This is most notable in the required cleaning process that facilitates detailed analyses of osteological remains. This experimental study develops a methodology that can be used to evaluate the possible effects that mechanical cleaning applications and tools may have on the consequent study of cut marks. To confront these objectives, this study implements advanced 3D digital microscopy and statistical analyses to evaluate the before and after stages of mechanical cleaning processes of cut-marked bones. These techniques present a novel means of evaluating the degree of modification produced by mechanical cleaning processes. The obtained data allows for an initial assessment of the effects of conservation-restoration interventions on taphonomic analyses. The consequent conclusions advise caution on the use of some tools in mechanical cleaning, additionally supporting the need for interdisciplinary research in future archaeological research. Research of this nature is of great value to archaeology and palaeontology, presenting a new promising line of investigation for future research.