Abstract
The tissue response to porous bovine anorganic bone implanted in rat connective tissue was evaluated by subjective light microscopy analysis. Forty rats were divided into two groups: control (empty collagen capsules) and test (collagen capsule filled with 0.1g biomaterial) and killed 10, 20, 30 and 60 days after implantation. At 10 days, intense chronic inflammatory infiltrate consisting mainly of macrophages and inflammatory multinucleated giant cells (IMGC) was observed. Neutrophils, plasma cells and lymphocytes were present in discrete amounts and slowly disappeared along the repair process. Porosity of the material was filled by reaction connective tissue exhibiting IMGC. The fibrosis was more intense after 60 days and clearly higher than the control group. Thus, the material did not cause any severe adverse reactions and did not stimulate the immune system. Based on the results it could be concluded that deproteinized bovine cancelous bone was well tolerated by rat connective tissue.
Highlights
The increasing demands of bioactive materials for orthopedic, maxillofacial and oral surgeries have instigated several researchers to develop new graft materials
Some particles adjacent to the implant were surrounded by inflammatory multinucleated giant cells (IMGC)
Throughout the experimental periods, the presence of multinucleated giant cells and chronic inflammatory infiltrate, and the absence of PMNs, plasma cells and eosinophils, were observed after 10 days post implantation, the biologically designed pores of the material were already filled with reparative tissue and fibrosis increased around implant particles through the experimental periods
Summary
The increasing demands of bioactive materials for orthopedic, maxillofacial and oral surgeries have instigated several researchers to develop new graft materials. Autogenous bone was the primary choice due to its great biologic advantages Inconveniences such as hospitalization, susceptibility to infections and the occurrence of continuous progressive resorption[1,2] stimulated the search for an ideal substitute for autogenic bone grafts. Bioactive scaffolds are needed to engineer in vitro living cellular constructs to tissue regeneration. In this way, deproteinized bovine cortical or cancellous bone could provide a supporting and osteoconductive structure and amount of calcium and phosphate, essential for new bone tissue formation[12,13]
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